Ethereum: How big is the input of a P2PKH transaction?

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Understanding Input Size for P2PKH Transactions on Ethereum

Ethereum’s public key-based cryptocurrency, P2PKH (Pretty Good Privacy), allows users to make secure transactions without revealing their private keys. However, the input size of a P2PKH transaction can be an area of ​​confusion for newcomers and experienced developers alike.

Input Size: What Does it Mean?

The input size of a P2PKH transaction refers to the length or byte count of the input data used in the transaction. This information is crucial in determining whether a specific input size is feasible or not.

Default Miner Implementation: Pay-to-Pubkey

To understand why the default miner implementation on Ethereum uses pay-to-pubkey, we need to dive into the specifics of how transactions are processed and verified on the network.

A P2PKH transaction consists of two inputs:

• Push Value: The input value used in the transaction (in bytes).

• Signature: A cryptographic signature (using a private key) that proves the sender’s identity and confirms they control the associated public key.

The miner implementation uses push + sig + push + key = 1 + 72 + 1 + 61, which translates to:

• Push value: 1 byte

• Signature length: 72 bytes (assuming a SHA-256-based hash function)

• Public key length: 61 bytes (again assuming a SHA-256-based hash function)

Why Pay-to-Pubkey?

The use of pay-to-pubkey allows the miner implementation to efficiently verify and process transactions. Here’s why:

• Hash Function: The SHA-256 hash function is used to create a unique input value, which is then signed by the sender.

• Verification: The signature verifies the sender’s identity, ensuring that the public key associated with the transaction is indeed controlled by the sender.

What About the Default Miner Implementation?

The default miner implementation uses pay-to-pubkey because it allows for efficient and scalable processing of transactions. By using a single input value (push + sig), the miner can verify the signature and extract the public key in a single operation, reducing computational overhead.

Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding the input size of P2PKH transactions is essential for designing and implementing secure and efficient Ethereum nodes. The default miner implementation uses pay-to-pubkey to optimize processing efficiency, which may lead to different input sizes depending on the specific use case or variant of the implementation being used.

Keep in mind that this information is subject to change as new versions of Ethereum are released, and updated implementations may alter the behavior of the miner. For developers and users looking to build secure and scalable nodes, staying up-to-date with the latest developments is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and security on the Ethereum network.